玉米蛇饲养——疾病、传染（一）

Rot Infectious or Ulcerative Stomatitis:

口腔感染或溃疡：

     Is a progressive bacterial infection involving the oral lining. It may begin with increased salivation. Often saliva bubbles from the mouth. Close inspection of the oral lining reveals tiny pinpoint areas of bleeding. The oral lining becomes increasingly inflamed and pus begins to accumulate within the mouth, especially among the rows of teeth. As the disease progresses, the underlying bone becomes infected and the teeth fall out. This infection must be recognized in the early stages to successfully reverse it. The hobbyist must seek veterinary help when mouth rot is first evident. The veterinarian may want to collect a saliva/pus specimen for bacterial culture and subsequent antibiotic sensitivity testing to determine the appropriate antibiotic(s) to use. A blood sample can also be collected to accurately assess the internal and overall status of the patient. Mouth rot often is an external manifestation of more serious internal problems. Initial treatment involves injections of vitamins A, C and B complex, as well as a "best guess" antibiotic (one that the veterinarian believes has the best chance of fighting the infection until the results of antibiotic sensitivity tests are available). Supportive care involves daily or twice-daily cleansing of the mouth, application of topical antibiotics, administration of fluids to combat dehydration and the possible detrimental effects of certain antibiotics, and periodic forced-feedings (using a stomach tube). Generally, snakes with heavy accumulations of pus and infected bones of the jaw are unlikely to be saved, even with aggressive veterinary efforts. You must be alert to the early stages of the disease and periodically inspect the mouth for signs of mouth rot.

     通常是口腔内细菌的高度感染。 初期病症唾液量增加,通常会看到口腔有很多泡泡。仔细检查会看到细微出血发炎的区域。发炎的区域会越来越严重并在口腔内扩散,特别是在牙与牙之间的位置。当病情加深,牙床软骨也会被感染发炎,有可能造成牙齿脱落。

    在发病早期就开始治疗是比较容易恢复的。当开始发现有口腔发炎的时候,应该尽快征求专业兽医的帮助。兽医也许需要收集细菌样本,随后做抗药性敏感性测试,再决定使用适当的抗生素。血液样本有助于更准确地估计患者的内部和整体状态。口腔溃疡通常是严重内部牙床内发炎的表面征象。初步治疗是维生素A、C、复合维生素B的注射,当抗药性敏感性试验的结果取得后,会选择适当抗生素注射。支援关心介入日报或典型抗生素的洗涤嘴,流体的应用,管理与失水和某些抗生素交战的可能的恶劣效果和每日两次周期性牵强饲养(使用胃管)。

    护理工作包括每天1-2次的抗生素洗涤口腔及患处,适当补充水分,以及有必要的人工喂食(使用胃管)。通常,与pus的大量累积的蛇和下颌的被传染的骨头是不太可能保存,甚而用积极的兽医努力。您必须是机敏的对疾病的早期和周期性地检查嘴嘴腐烂的标志。通常病蛇口腔有大量的浓液积聚物。

    病情严重导致下颌被感染的骨头就是兽医再努力也不太可能完全恢复。所以你必须尽早开始治疗并随时关注病情,防止恶化。